authors:- Beauchamp, Tom L.
- Childress, James F
subjects:- Medical ethics
- Ethics, Medical
publishers:ISBN:notes:- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- PART I. MORAL FOUNDATIONS; 1. MORAL NORMS; Normative and Nonnormative Ethics; The Common Morality as Universal Morality; Particular Moralities as Nonuniversal; Moral Dilemmas; A Framework of Moral Norms; Conflicting Moral Norms; 2. MORAL CHARACTER; Moral Virtues; Virtues in Professional Roles; The Virtue of Caring; Five Focal Virtues; Moral Virtues and Action Guides; Moral Ideals; Moral Excellence; 3. MORAL STATUS; The Problem of Moral Status; Theories of Moral Status; From Theories to Practical Guidelines; Vulnerable Populations; PART II. MORAL PRINCIPLES; 4. RESPECT FOR AUTONOMY; The Nature of Autonomy; The Capacity for Autonomous Choice; The Meaning and Justification of Informed Consent; Disclosure; Understanding; Voluntariness; A Framework of Standards for Surrogate Decision Making; 5. NONMALEFICENCE; The Concept of Nonmaleficence; Distinctions and Rules Governing Nontreatment; Optional Treatments and Obligatory Treatments; Killing and Letting Die; The Justification of Intentionally Arranged Deaths; Protecting Incompetent Patients; 6. BENEFICENCE; The Concept of Beneficence; Obligatory Beneficence and Ideal Beneficence; Paternalism: Conflicts Between Beneficence and Autonomy; Balancing Benefits, Costs, and Risks; The Value and Quality of Life; 7. JUSTICE; The Concept of Justice; Theories of Justice; Fair Opportunity and Unfair Discrimination; Vulnerability and Exploitation; National Health Policy and the Right to Health Care; Global Health Policy and the Right to Health; Allocating, Setting Priorities, and Rationing; 8. PROFESSIONAL-PATIENT RELATIONSHIPS; Veracity; Privacy; Confidentiality; Fidelity; The Dual Roles of Clinician and Investigator; PART III. THEORY AND METHOD; 9. MORAL THEORIES; Criteria for Theory Construction; Utilitarianism; Kantianism; Rights Theory; Communitarianism; Convergence of Theories; 10. METHOD AND MORAL JUSTIFICATION; Justification in Ethics; Top-Down Models: Theory and Application; Bottom-Up Models: Cases and Analogy; An Integrated Model Using Reflective Equilibrium; Common-Morality Theory; INDEX
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